Page from a Quran manuscript, Andalusian style. Cordoba, 14th century.
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Category Archives: Qur’an Calligraphy
Damascus, circa 1345 -1350 AD
A page from the Qur’an showing designs, calligraphy, and notes about the text. (Probably done in Damascus, circa 1345 -1350 AD).
Sultan Baybars’ Qur’an
Calligraphy by Muhammad ibn al-Wahid, illumination by Muhammad ibn Mubadir and Aydughdi ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Badri, Cairo, AD 1304
Kufic Style of Calligraphy
Islam, another of the world’s great monotheistic faiths, was founded in Arabia by Muhammad. Born in Mecca (c.550 CE), he received the Qur’an, meaning ‘recitation’ or ‘reading’ in Arabic, from the archangel Gabriel during a vision. He believed this to be the uncreated word of God or Allah, embodying the earlier teachings of both Jews and Christians.
In this passage from the Qur’an, in the kufic style of calligraphy, the inhabitants of Mecca are warned of punishment. In translation it says : ‘We [Allah] would certainly have opened for them [the people of Mecca] blessings from heaven and earth, but they rejected it so we rewarded them according to what they have merited’. (Sura 7.96.)
Leaf from a Qur’an manuscript, late 9th-10th century Possibly Syria
Ink, gold, and colors on vellum.
Posted in Qur'an Calligraphy
Tagged Blessings, Christians, Heaven, Jewa, Kufi, Makkah, Recitation, Sura 7.96
Central Asia
Fragment from a Qur’an manuscript, ca. 1400; Timurid
Calligraphy attributed to Umar Aqta
Central Asia (probably Samarqand)
Arabic Writing and Calligraphy
“Calligraphy” means “beautiful writing” (or writing as a form of art). During the Middle Ages, the Muslims respected calligraphy as the highest art form because the Qur’an was written in Arabic and it represented the word of God. So calligraphy decorated the mosques and holy books of Islam. Writing was not only an artistic expression, it was a religious expression as well.
Over the centuries Arabic calligraphy expanded to include different styles of writing. Just like in English where there are many kinds of handwriting (printing, cursive, and even “graffiti style” writing), many respected writing styles in Arabic developed.
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