03.24.11
by

National Highway & Motorway Police Pakistan Rules


The year 1997, marked the advent of a golden chapter in the history of policing in Pakistan, when it was decided to raise a modern, competent and efficient force for policing of the Motorway (M-2). There were more skeptics than supporters, as it was considered a utopian project, given the background of previous attempts made to reform the Police. While the intelligentsia scoffed at the idea, professional policeman were unanimous that it was not possible to improve the Police. It goes to the credit of the dedicated team of new officers who stuck to the job and burnt the midnight oil to produce something unique and unmatchable. It is even more creditable when the outcome is viewed against the backdrop of serious time and resource constraints. The project had to be conceived and the force raised and brought on ground in a period of six months. The most astonishing aspect of the project was that serving policeman taken on deputation from all over Pakistan were weaned from their old habits and molded into an efficient, honest and dedicated team. This daunting task was given to the then Inspector General Police Mr. Iftikhar Rashid and his team of a few dedicated Officers. It was these officers who undertook the impossible task of raising a professional and modern force for the M-2. The challenge was accepted by the leader of this motivated team. His boundless energy, unflinching determination, devotion to duty and inspiring leadership were responsible for motivating his team and producing unbelievable results. His vision and unflinching commitment helped him to cross the Rubicon. The British Motorway Police Trainers, after seeing this force in operations, remarked that the new force was even better than the British Motorway Police. This new force quickly earned the respect and appreciation of millions of road-users. Not a day passes, without praise and prayers for this force from the travelers on the Motorways & Highway. It will not be irrelevant to mention here that no fresh recruitment was initially made, and even average and below average Police Officers, from the Police Set-ups of the provinces were taken on deputation and were put through intensive training and motivational programs. All efforts were to mould this force as true public servants. The result of this great venture astonished everyone, even the dedicated team of officers who raised this force. It is also an astonishing fact that the officers, who were allegedly indulging in heinous malpractices in the provinces, have become noble, honest and efficient officers. It has been established beyond any doubt that given the proper working conditions and good leadership, our provincial Police forces can also perform wonders. The Government, recognizing the excellent performance of the Motorway Police, has expanded the network of NH&MP to all the National Highways. Initially starting policing on the Peshawar-Karachi National Highway (N-5). This decision again brought out criticism and some dissenting voices were raised. Every critic had visualized certain failures of this new department, on taking up the policing of N-5. The apprehensions were understandable, taking into consideration the complexity of the traffic, attitude of drivers and behavior of the pedestrians, on the Highways of Pakistan. Again the task was a very difficult one, and the goodwill and pride, already achieved on the Motorway, were also at stake. NH&MP taken over the policing of N-5, with effect from June 2001, which has proved very successful. With this success the Government has decided to handover all highways of Pakistan to NH&MP in phases. Now from February 2007 NH&MP has started policing on Coastal Highway (N-10) which is a very challenging task. Today, by the grace of Allah, we have at least one institution, i.e. the NH&MP, whose efficiency is being praised by people from all walks of life. From the very first day of its existence, the NH&MP has earned the good will and faith of the general public. Perhaps for the first time in the history of Pakistan, a Police Force is being lauded for its honesty, integrity, behavior, help and public service. In the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) report for the year 2002, it was reported that NH&MP is perhaps the only corruption free department in the country. The Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr. Shaukat Aziz has declared this force as “Island of Excellence”. Now the people are demanding that this department may be declared as “Model” and this experiment may be implemented on the other departments. In its first instance, this experiment is being implemented on the Islamabad Model City Traffic Police. The dawn of the year, 2008 saw the National Highways & Motorway Police enter its 11th year of operations on the National Highways & Motorways of the country.
Manageable span of control – SP manages 250 officers and an ASP/DSP (Chief Patrol Officer) about 60 officers.
For optimum efficiency, force functions in three shifts.
Force comprises of Educated Officers.
Emphasis is given on smart turnout and professionalism.
Effective accountability and senior command accountable for misdeeds of subordinates.
No documents seized during any violation of traffic rules by the commuters.
No interference from any quarter.
Complete delegation of authority and responsibility.
Only moving violations checked. Force responsible for traffic discipline, safety of commuters and initial action in crimes.
Better pay, conducive working conditions, dependable mobility, intensive professional training and induction of foreign trainers are critical factors for the success of NH&MP department.
Officer cadre for enforcement.
Close supervision and effective command.
Distinct uniform and smart turn out.
50% of fine collected on the Motorways/Highways utilized for road safety, rewards and welfare of the force.
SOPs for all operational activities.
Adoption of Ticketing System.
Welfare Projects including Scholarships, financial assistance for daughter’s marriage, burial assistance, welfare petrol pumps and special quota in jobs for Shaheed’s Children.
Traffic Rules:-
1. Avoid walking next to the kerb with your back to the traffic. If you have to step into the road, watch out for traffic coming from both sides. Walk on the side of oncoming traffic.
2. Where there is a footpath use it. If there is no footpath, walk on the right shoulder of the road. If there is no shoulder, walk along the right edge of the road facing the on-coming traffic. Keep close to the side of the road. Take care at sharp right-hand bends; it may be safer to cross the road well before you reach one so that oncoming traffic has a better chance of seeing you. After the bend, cross back to face the oncoming traffic. Walk in single file if possible, especially on narrow roads or in poor light.
3. Be seen in the dark. Wear something reflective. Light-coloured, bright or fluorescent items will help in poor visibility. At night use reflective materials (e.g. reflective armbands and sashes) which can be seen in headlights up to three times as far away as non-reflective materials.
4. Do not let young children out alone on the pavement or road. When taking children out, walk between them and the traffic and hold their hands firmly. Strap very young children in push-chairs or use reins.
5. You MUST NOT walk on motorway or their slip roads except in an emergency.
How to Cross the Road
6. Never Allow Children out alone until they can understand traffic rules and use it properly. The age when they can do this is different for each child. Many children under ten cannot judge how fast vehicles are going or how far away they are. Children learn by example, so parents should always use the Code in full when out with children. Parents are responsible for deciding at what age their children can use it safely by themselves.
Parents should not allow small children to cross a road alone and never let the children play on or near the road.
a. Remember that it is safer to cross footbridges, islands, Zebra and Pelican crossings, traffic lights or where there is a police officer, school crossing patrol. Otherwise choose a place where you can see clearly in all directions. Try to avoid crossing between parked cars. Move to a space where drivers can see you clearly.
b. Do stop just before you get to the kerb – where you can see if anything is coming, but where you will not be too close to the traffic. If there is no pavement, stand back from the edge of the road but make sure you can still see approaching traffic.
c. Look around as traffic could come from any direction. Listen also because you can sometimes hear traffic before you see it.
d. If there is any traffic near, let it go past. Then look around again. Listen to make sure no other traffic is coming.
e. If there is no traffic near, it is safe to cross. Remember, even if traffic is a long way off, it may be approaching very quickly.When it is safe, walk straight across the road – do not run.
f. If you have started to cross, keep looking and listening in case there is any traffic you did not see or in case other traffic suddenly appears.
Zebra Crossing
7. When you cross the road at a junction look out for traffic coming round the corner, especially from behind you.
8. When you are on a Zebra Crossing you have the right of way, but allow sufficient time to the approaching vehicles to give way, and keep a lookout to right and left as you cross.
9. Give traffic plenty of time to see you and to stop before you start to cross. Vehicles need more time to stop when rain or ice have made the road slippery. If necessary put one foot on the crossing, the traffic does not have to stop. But do not cross until the traffic has stopped. Do not push a wheelchair or pram on the crossing until the traffic has stopped.
10. When the traffic has stopped, walk straight across but keep looking both ways and listening in case a driver or rider has not seen you and attempts to overtake a vehicle that has stopped.
11. If there is an island in the middle of a crossing, wait on the island and follow previous rules before you cross the second half of the road – it is a separate crossing. Pelican Crossing
12. For safe crossing of roads by pedestrian at places, other than the intersections, special signals are provided. These crossings are called Pelican crossing. If there is a Pelican crossing nearby, use it.
Do not cross at the side of crossing on the zigzag lines – it is very dangerous. At this type of crossing the traffic lights instruct the traffic when to stop and pedestrians when to cross. When the red figure shows, do not cross. Press the button on the box and wait. When the lights change to show a steady green figure check that the traffic has stopped and then cross with care. (At some Pelicans there is also a bleeping sound or voice to tell blind or partially sighted people when the steady green figure is showing.) After a while, the green figure will begin to flash. This means that you should not start to cross. But if you have already started you will have time to finish crossing safely.
13. A ‘staggered’ crossing should be treated as two separate crossings. On reaching the central island you MUST press the button again to obtain a steady gren figure.
At Traffic Lights
14. Some traffic lights have pedestrian sigflals similar to those at Pelican crossings. The green figure does not flash but there will be enough time to finish crossing after it goes out. If there are no pedestrian signals, watch carefully and do not cross until the traffic lights are red. Remember that traffic lights may let traffic move in some lanes while other lanes are stopped.
Crossing Controlled by Police
15. Where a police officer, or school crossing patrol is controlling the traffic, do not cross the road until they signal you to do so. Always cross in front of them.
Guard Rails
16. Guard rails are there for your safety. Cross the road only at the gaps provided for pedestrians. Do not climb over the guard rails or walk between them and the road.
One Way Streets
17. Check which way the traffic is moving. Do not cross until it is safe to do so without stopping. In some one-way streets, bus lanes operate in the opposite direction to the rest of the traffic
Parked Vehicles
18. In case you have to cross between parked vehicles, use the outside edge of the vehicles as if it were the kerb. Stop there and make sure you can see all around and that the traffic can see you. Do not stand in front of or behind any vehicle that has its engine running.
At Night
19. In case there is no pedestrian crossing or central island nearby, cross near a street light so that traffic can see you more easily. It is harder for others to see you at night so wear something reflective.
20. In case you see or hear ambulances, fire engines, police or other emergency vehicles with their blue, red or amber lights flashing or their sirens sounding, KEEP OFF THE ROAD.
21. Only get on or off a bus when it has stopped to allow you to do so. Never cross the road directly behind or in front of a bus. Wait until it has moved off and you can see the road clearly in both directions.
22. Take extra care at railway level crossings.
23. You MUST ensure your vehicle is roadworthy. Take special care of lights, brakes, steering, tyres (including spare), exhaust system, seat belts, demisters, windscreen wipers and washers. Keep windscreens, windows, lights, indicators, reflectors, mirrors and number plates clean and clear. Ensure your seat, seat belt, head restraint and mirrors are adjusted correctly before you drive.
24. All transport vehicles, passenger as well as goods, or any vehicle drawing a trailer must only use extreme left lane unless there are exceptional circumstances i.e. to overtake vehicles moving below the minimum posted speed limits or unavoidable in the interest of safety.
Loads
25. Any loads carried or towed MUST be secure and MUST NOT strict out dangerously. You MUST NOT overload your vehicle or trailer. Mark the ends with red flags by day and red lights by nights.
Motorcycles
26. The rider and pillion passenger on a motorcycle, scooter or moped MUST wear an approved safety helmet which MUST be fastened securely. It is also advisable to wear eye protectors, and strong boots, gloves and clothes that will help protect you if you fall off. Pillion passengers MUST sit astride the machine on a proper seat and keep both feet on the footrests. To help you to be seen, wear something light-coloured or bright. Fluorescent material’ helps in the daylight, as do dipped headlights on large machines. Reflective material helps in the dark.
Physical Condition
27. If you feel tired or ill, DO NOT DRIVE.
28. Driving can make you feel sleepy. To help avoid this, make sure there is a supply of fresh air into your vehicle. If you feel tired while driving, find a safe place to stop and rest.
29. You MUST NOT drive under the influence of drugs or medicines. When taking prescribed medicines, ask your doctor if it is safe to drive.
Eye-Sight
30. You MUST be able to read a vehicle number plate from a distance of 20.5 meters (67ft) which is about five car lengths. If you need glasses (or contact lenses) to do this you MUST wear them when driving.
31. At night or in poor visibility, do not use tinted glasses, lenses or visors. Do not use spray-on or other tinting materials for windows and windscreens.
Begineers
32. Learner drivers in a car MUST be supervised by someone experienced who has held a licence for that type of car (automatic or manual) for at least three years and still holds one.
33. If you are learning to ride a motorcycle, scooter or moped you MUST take basic training with an experienced driver before riding on the road. You MUST NOT carry a pillion passenger, pull a trailer. Learner’s should not ride a solo motorcycle with an engine capacity in excess of 125 CC.
34. All vehicles under the control of learner MUST display1 plates.
35. Do not drink and drive. Drinking alcohol and taking drugs seriously affects your driving. It reduces your co-ordination, slows down your reactions, affects your judgment of. speed, distance and risk, and gives you a false sense of confidence.
Remember: you may still be unfit to drive in the evening after drinking at lunchtime or in the morning after drinking the previous evening.
Seat Belts
36. Wearing seat belts saves lives and reduces the risk of serious injury in an accident. You MUST wear a seat belt if one is available. Basic guidelines are as:

Front Seat Read Seat Whose Responsibility
Driver Must be worn if fitted — Diver
Child under 3 years of age Child restraints Child restraints Driver
Child aged 3 to 11 year and under 1.5 Meter in height Seat belt or Child restraints Seat belt or Child restraints Driver
Child aged 12 to 13 or younger child 1.5 meter or more in height Adult seat belt must be worn if available Adult seat belt must be worn if available Driver
Adult Passenger Must be worn if available Must be worn if available Passenger
37. An appropriate child restraint is a baby carrier, child seat, harness or booster seat appropriate to the child’s weight.
38. Do not let children sit behind the rear seats in an estate car or hatchback. Make sure that child safety door locks, where fitted, are used when children are in the car. Keep children under control in the car.
39. You MUST exercise proper control of your vehicle at all times. Do not use a hand-held telephone or microphone while you are driving. Find a safe place to stop first. Do’not speak into a hands-free microphone, it will take your mind off the road.You MUST NOT stop on the hard shoulder of a motorway to answer or make a call, except in an emergency.
40. You MUST obey all traffic light signals and traffic signs giving orders. Make sure you also know and act on all other traffic signs and road markings.
41. All signals and signs are given in Annex A to D. Give signals to help and warn other road users, including pedestrians. Give them clearly and in plenty of time. Make sure your indicators are canceled after use.
42. Watch out for signals given by other road users and take appropriate action.
43. You MUST obey signals by police officers and signs used by school crossing patrols.
Basics of Driving
Before Moving
44. Use your mirrors before you move off. Signal if necessary before moving out. Look round as well for a final check. Only move off when it is safe to do so.
While Driving
45. Keep to the left, except where road signs or markings indicate otherwise or when you want to overtak_, turn right or pass parked vehicles or pedestrians in the road. Let others overtake you. If they want to.
46. You MUST NOT drive on a pavement or footpath except for access to property.
47. Use your mirrors frequently so you always know what is behind and to each side of you. Use them well before you carry out a manoeuvre or change speed; then give the correct signal if you need to. Motorcyclists should always look behind before manoeuvring.
48. Watch out for cycles and motorcycles. Two wheelers are far harder to spot than larger vehicles but their riders have the same rights as other road users and are particularly vulnerable. Give riders plenty of room, especially if you are driving a long vehicle or towing a trailer.
49. Do not hold up a long queue of traffic. If you are driving a large or slow-moving vehicle and the road is narrow or winding, or there is a lot of traffic coming towards you, pull in where you can do so safely so that other vehicles can overtake.
50. While driving a vehicle one should not continuously talk or argue with the fellow passengers. Singing and other such. actions which may distract the attention should also be avoided.
Littering
51. Do not throw lighted cigarettes or refuse on the road.
Speed Limits
52. Drive slowly in residential areas. In some roads there are features such as road humps and narrowing intended to slow you down. A 32 Km/h maximum speed limit may also be in force. Remember by heart the maximum speed limits as provided in law for various roads. Never exceed the posted speed limit. Where speed limit is not specified do not exceed the limit mentioned as:
53. On wet, muddy or icy roads; during night times and when visibility is poor, the permissible speed limit should be reduced by 16 kmh for each adverse factor or to 32 kmh whichever is higher.

A speed limit does not mean it is safe to drive at that speed. Drive according to the conditions. Slow down if road is wet or icy and in fog. Drive more slowly at night when it is harder to see pedestrians and cyclists.
Stopping Distance
54. Drive at a speed that will allow you to stop well within the distance you can see to be clear. Leave enough space between you and the vehicle in front so that you can pull up safely if it suddenly slows down or stop. The safe rule is never to get closer than the overall stopping distances shown on next page. But in good conditions on roads carrying fast traffic, a two second time gap may be sufficient. The gap should be at least doubled on wet roads and increased further on icy roads. Large vehicles and motorcycles need time to stop than cars. Drop back if someone overtakes and pulls into the gap in front of you.
Fog Code
55. Before driving in fog, consider if your journey is essential. If it is, allow extra time. Make sure your windscreen, windows and lights are clean and that all your lights (including brake lights) are working.

When driving in fog:
1 See and be seen. if you cannot see clearly use dipped headlights. Use front or rear fog lights if visibility is seriously reduced but switch them off when visibility improves. Use your windscreen wipers and demisters.
1 Check your mirror and slow down. Keep a safe distance behind the vehicle in front. You should always be able to pull up within the distance you can see clearly.
1 Do not hang on to the tail lights of the vehicle in front; it gives a false sense of security. In thick fog, if you can see the vehicle in front you are probably too close unless you are travelling very slowly.
1 Be aware of your speed; you may be going much faster than you think. Do not accelerate to get away from a vehicle which is too close behind you. When you slow down, use your brakes so that your brake lights warn drivers behind you.
1 When the word ‘Fog’ is shown on a roadside signal but the road appears to be clear, be prepared for a bank of fog or drifting smoke ahead. Fog can drift rapidly and is often patchy. Even if it seems to be clearing, you can suddenly find yourself back in thick fog.
Winter Driving
56. Prepare your vehicle for winter. Ensure that the battery is well maintained and that there are appropriate anti-freeze agents in the radiator and windscreen washer bottle.
57. In freezing or near freezing conditions, drive with great care even if the roads have been gritted. Roads may be slippery and surface conditions can change abruptly. Take care when overtaking gritting vehicles, particularly if you are riding a motorcycle.
58. Do not drive in snow unless your journey is essential. If it is, drive slowly but keep in as high a gear as possible to help avoid wheel spin. Avoid harsh acceleration, steering and braking. You MUST use headlights when visibility is seriously reduced by falling snow.
59. Watch out for snow-ploughs which may throw out snow on either side. Do not overtake them unless the lane you intend to use has been cleared of snow.
Summer Driving
60. Use a coolant instead of ordinary water because in excessive heat your vehicle is likely to get over heated and the engine may also seize.
61. Keep the recommended tyre pressure of the lower readings. Overheated tyres can burst leading to an accident.
62. If the engine gets heated take the following measures:
Stop and switch off all systems.
Spray / throw cool water on the radiator to bring down the temperature.
Don’t remove the radiator cap immediately. Using a thick cloth unscrew the radiator cap slowly and without remqving it allow the steam to ooze out slowly.
For lessening the intensity of steam coming out keep on rotating the cap till it is safe to remove it.
Replenish the water with the engine started & check temperature levels. Once the reading is normal, drive.
63. Don’t drive at excessive speeds and minimize the load of the AC. on the engine by manipulating the thermostat.
Consideration to Padestrians
64. Drive carefully and slowly when there are pedestrians about, especially in crowded shopping streets or residential areas and near bus stops, parked edible’s floats or mobile shops. Watch out for pedestrians emerging suddenly into the road, especially from behind parked vehicles.
65. Watch out for children and elderly pedestrians who may not be able to judge your speed and could step into the road in front of you. Watch out for blind and partially sighted people who may be carrying white sticks (white with two red reflective bands for deaf and blind people) or using guide dogs and for ,people with other disabilities. Give them plenty of time to cross the road. Do not assume that a pedestrian can hear your vehicle coming; they may have hearing difficulties.
66. Drive slowly near school. In some places, there may be a flashing amber signal below the ‘School’ warning sign which tells you that there may be children crossing the road ahead. When these signals are flashing, drive very slowly until you are well clear of the area. Drive carefully when passing a stationary bus showing a ‘School Bus’ sign as children may be getting on or off.
67. You MUST stop when a school crossing patrol shows a ‘STOP’ for children sign.
68. Be careful near a place where children have gathered to purchase things to eat or drink. Children are more interested in eatables than in traffic.
69. At road junctions, give way to pedestrians who are already crossing the road into which you are turning.
70. Give way to pedestrians on a pavement you need to cross, e.g. to reach a driveway.
71. Be prepared for pedestrians walking in the road, especially on narrow country roads. Give them plenty of room. Take extra care on left-hand bends and keep your speed down.
72. As you approach a Zebra crossing, look out for people waiting to cross (especially children, elderly people or people with disabilities). Be ready to slow down or stop to let them cross. When someone has stepped on to a crossing, you MUSTgive way. Allow more time for stopping on wet or icy roads. Do not wave people across; this could be dangerous if another vehicle is approaching.
73. You MUST NOT overtake or park on a Zebra, Puffin or Pelican crossing, including the area marked by zigzag lines. Even when there are no zigzags, do not overtake just before the crossing.
74. In a queue of traffic, you MUST keep pedestrian crossing clear.
75. At Pelican crossings a flashing amber light will follow the red ‘STOP’ light. When the amber light is flashing, you MUST give way to any pedestrians on the crossing. A Pelican crossing which goes straight across the road is one crossing even when there is a central island and you MUST wait for pedestrians crossing from the other side of the island. Do not harass pedestrians – for example, by revving your engine.
76. At pedestrian crossing controlled by lights, give way to pedestrians who are- still crossing after the signal for vehicles has changed to green.
77. When passing or meeting a procession or a body of troops or police on the march, drive at a speed not greater than 24 kilometers an hour.
78. Slow down near schools, hospitals and mosques.
79. Look and listen for ambulances, fire engines, police or other emergency vehicles with flashing red, amber, blue lights or sounding sirens. Make room for them to pass (if necessary by pulling to the side of the road and stopping) but do not endanger other road users.
Buses
80. Give way to buses whenever you can do so safely, especially when they signal to pull away from bus stops. Look out for people leaving the bus and crossing the road.
Animals
81. Watch out for animals being led or ridden on the road and take extra care at left-hand bends and on narrow country roads. Drive slowly past animals. Give them plenty of room and be ready to stop. Do not scare animals by sounding your horn or revving your engine.
82. Look out for horse rider’s signals and be aware that they may not move to the centre of the road prior to turning right. Riders to horses and ponies are often children – so take extra care.
83. Some roads (often called single-track roads) are only wide enough for one vehicle. They may have special passing places. Pull into a passing place on your left, or wait opposite a passing place on your right, when you see a vehicle coming towards you or the driver behind you wants to overtake. Give way to vehicles coming uphill whenever you can. Do not park in passing places.
Lanes and Lines
84. A single broken line, with long markings and short gaps, along the centre of ttle road is a hazard warning line. Do not cross it unless you can see that the road is clear well ahead.
85. Where there are double White lines along the road and the line nearest you is unbroken, you MUST NOT cross or straddle it unless it is safe to do so and you need to do so to enter adjoining premises, or a side road, to pass a stationary vehicle, or pass a road maintenance vehicle, pedal cycle or horse moving at 16 Km/h or less.
86. Where there are double white lines along the road and the line nearest to you is broken, you may cross the lines to overtake if it is safe, provided you can do so before reaching an unbroken white line on your side.
87. Areas of white diagonal stripes or white chevrons painted on the road are to separate traffic lanes or to protect traffic turning right. Where the marked area is bordered by an unbroken white line, you MUST NOT enter it except in an emergency. Where the line is broken, you should not enter the area unless you can see that it is safe to do so.
88. Short broken white lines divide the road into lanes – keep between them. Coloured reflecting road studs may be used with white lines – white studs to mark the lanes or middle of the road, red studs by the central reservation of a dual carriageway. Green studs may be used across lay-bys and side roads.
89. On some hills an extra uphill ‘crawler’ lane may be provided. Use this lane if you are driving aslow-moving vehicle or if there are vehicles behind you wishing to overtake.
Lane Discipline
90. If you need to change lane, first use your mirrors to make sure you will not force another driver or rider to swerve or slow down. If it is safe to move over, signal before you do so.
Remember: mirror-signal manoeuvre
91. Change lane only when it is necessary and do not change more than one lane at a time.
92. At some junctions, lanes may go in different directions. Follow the signs and get into the correct lane in good time.
93. In a traffic hold-up, do not try to ‘jump the queue’ by cutting into another lane or by overtaking the vehicles in front of you.
94. Where a single carriageway has three lanes and the road marking do not give priority to traffic in either direction, use the middle lane only for overtaking or turning right. Remember – you have no more right to use the middle lane than a driver coming from the opposite direction. Do not use the right-hand lane.
95. Where a single carriageway has four or more lanes, do not use the lanes on the right-hand side of the road unless signs and markings indicate that you can.
96. On a two-lane dual carriageway, use the right hand lane only for overtaking or turning right.
97. On a three-lane dual carriageway, stay in the left-hand lane. If there are slower vehicles than you in that lane, use the middle lane to overtake them but return to the left-hand lane when it is clear. The right-hand lane is for overtaking (or turning right) ; if you use it for overtaking, move back into the middle lane and then into the left-hand lane as soon as it is safe to do so.
98. In one-way streets, choose the correct lane for your exit as soon as you can. Do not change lanes suddenly. Unless road signs or markings indicate otherwise, choose the left-hand lane when going to the left, the right-hand lane when going to the right and the most appropriate lane when going straight ahead. Remember – traffic could be passing on both sides.
99. Cycle lanes are shown by road markings and signs. You MUST NOT drive or park in a cycle lane marked by an unbroken white line during its period of operation. DO NOT drive in a cycle lane marked by a broken white line unless it is unavoidable.
Position on Road
100. Keep well to the left of the road, but give pedestrians, cyclists and other slow moving traffic sufficient room. Do Not hug the middle of the road.
Slow Moving Vehicle
101. Slow moving vehicles must keep to the extreme left of the road.
Passing
102. When passing on-coming traffic on a two lane road, both vehicles must move over to the left as much as possible, Each vehicle must be in its respective half of the road.
Rules for Overtaking
103. Do not overtake unless you can do so safely. Make sure the road is sufficently clear ahead and behind. Do not get too close to the vehicle you intend to overtake – it will obscure your view of the road ahead. Use your mirrors. Signal before you start to move out. Take extra care at night and in poor visibility when it is harder to judge speed and distance.
Remember: mirror-signal-manoeuvre
104. Once you have started to overtake, quickly move past the vehicle you are overtaking, leaving it plenty of room. Then move back to the left as soon as you can but do not cut in.
105. When overtaking motorcyclists, pedal-cyclists or horse riders, give them at least as much room as you would give a car. Remember that cyclists may be unable to ride in a straight line, especially when it is windy or the road surface is uneven.
106. DO NOT overtake on the left unless:

1 the vehicle in front is signaling to turn right, and you can overtake on the left safely;
1 traffic is moving slowly in queues and vehicles in a lane on the right are moving more slowly than you are.
107. In slow-moving traffic queues, move to a lane on your left only to turn left. DO NOT change lanes to the left to overtake. Cyclists and motorcyclists overtaking traffic queues should watch out for pedestrians crossing between vehicles and vehicles emerging from junctions.
108. DO NOT increase your speed when you are being overtaken. Slow down if necessary to let the overtaking vehicle pass and pull in.
109. On a two-lane single carriageway give way to vehicles coming towards you before passing parked vehicles or other obstructions on your side of the road.
110. (a) You MUST NOT overtake:

1 if you would have to cross or straddle double white lines with an unbroken line near to you;
1 if you are in the zigzag area at a pedestrian crossing;
1 after a ‘No Overtaking’ sign and until you pass a sign canceling the restriction

(b)
(i) Where you cannot see far enough ahead to be sure it is safe, for example when you are approaching or at:

1 a corner or bend;
1 a hump bridge
1 the brow of a hill

(ii) Where you might come into conflict with other road users, for example:

1 approaching or at a road junction on either side of the road;
1 where the road narrows;
1 when approaching a school crossing patrol;
1 where you would have to drive over an area marked with diagonal stripes or chevrons;
1 where you would have to enter a lane reserved for buses, or cyclists;
1 between a bus and the kerb when it is at a stop;
1 where traffic is queuing at junctions or road works;
1 when you would force another vehicle to swerve or slow down;
1 at a level crossing;

If in doubt – don’t overtake
111. Before overtaking a vehicle at night, give signal of your intention to the vehicle in front by flashing your headlights a few times and overtake only when there is no traffic approaching from the opposite direction.
112. Overtake only when the vehicle being overtken is moving at a speed at least 10 kmh slower than yours.
113. On narrow hilly roads, if you are going down hill, stop and give way to vehicles proceeding uphill.
114. While overtaking, do not pullout sharply from behind or cut in front. Change to right lane before reaching the minimum following safe distance i.e. two second gap and revert to the left lane only after the overtaken vehicle can be seen in the rear view mirror.
Junctions and Roundabouts
115. Take extra care at junctions. Check your position and speed. Junctions are particularly dangerous for cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians, so watch out for them before you turn. Watch out for long vehicles which may be turning at a junction ahead; they may have to use the whole width of the road to make the turn.
116. At a junction with a ‘STOP’ sign and an unbroken white line across the road, you MUST stop behind the line. Wait for a safe gap in the traffic before you move off.
117. At a junction with broken white line across the road (it may also have a “Give Way” sign or a triangle marked on the road),you MUST give way to traffic on the other road.
118. When waiting at a junction, do not assume that a vehicle coming from the right and signaling left will do so. Wait and make sure.
119. Box junctions have cirss-cross yellow lines painted on the road. You MUST NOT enter the box until your exit road or lane from it is clear. But you may enter the box when you want to turn right and are only stopped from doing so by oncoming traffic or by vehicles waiting to turn right.
Junction Controlled by Traffic Lights or Traffic Police
120. At junctions controlled by traffic lights, you MUST stop behind the white ‘STOP’ line across your side of the road unless the light is green. You MUST NOT move forward when the red and amber lights are showing. Do not go forward when the traffic lights are green unless there is room for you to clear the junctions safely or you are taking up a positions to turn right.
121. When amber light is flashing, slow down and proceed carefully. When red light is flashing, stop and give right-of-way.
122. If the traffic lights are not working, proceed with caution.
123. At an inter-section controlled by a traffic police:
a. Obey the signals of the traffic police only and ignore all other traffic control devices.
b. Stop at the stop-line till the policeman gives signal to move on.
124. Where traffic lights have a green filter arrow indicating a filter-only lane, do not enter that lane unless you want to go in the direction of the arrow. Give other traffic, especially cyclists, room to move into the correct lane.
Turning
125. Get in the exterme left lane at least 200 meters before making left turn and in the extreme right lane at least 200 meters before making the right turn. Do not turn left from right lane and right from left lane.
126. Give way to pedestrians crossing a road into which you are turning.
Exclusive Turning Lanes
127. Where “Exclusive Turning Lanes” are provided, only use right exclusive lane for turning right and left exclusive lane for turning left.
Turning Right
128. When going straight across or turning right into a dual carriageway, treat each half as a separate road. Wait in the central reservation until there is safe gap in the trafic on the second half for the length of your vehicle, wait until you can cross both carriageways in one go.
129. Well before you turn right, use your mirrors to make sure you know the and movement of traffic behind you. (It maybe noted that traffic coming from behind is actually at much closer distance and moves faster than appears in the mirror). Give a right-turn signal and, as soon as it is safe for you to do so, take up a position just left of the middle of the road or in the space marked for right-turning traffic. If possible leave room for other vehicles to pass on the left. Wait until there is safe gap between you and any oncoming vehicle. Watch out for cyclist, motorcyclists and pedestrians; then make the turn, but do not cut the corner. Take great care when turning into a main road; you will need to watch for traffic in both directions and wait for a safe gap.
130. When turning right at a junction where an oncoming vehicle is also turning right, it is normally safe to keep the other vehicle to your right and turn behind it i.e. offside-to-offside. Before you complete the turn, check for the traffic on the road you want to cross.
131. If the layout of the junction or the traffic situation makes offside-to-nearside passing impracticable, pass near to near side but take care. The other vehicle could obstruct your view of the road so watch carefully for oncoming traffic.
132. When turning right from a dual carriageway, wait in the opening in the central reservation until you are sure it is safe to cross the other carriageway.
133. Do not 1urn right on red light under any circumstances.
134. Do not make a U-turn on a multi-lane (whether divided or not) road except where indicated by an appropriate warning sign.
135. Always give way to the approaching traffic before turning right, except at steady Right Turn. Give indicator in signalized intersections
136. While turning right on steady “Right Turn Arrow” you have the right of way. However on “Flashing Right Turn Arrow” or when no arrow is exhibited but green signal is displayed, you can turn right only after giving way to on-coming traffic approaching from opposite direction.
137. Well before turning right, use your mirror, give right turn signal and approximately 200 meters before the intersection, bring right wheel of your vehicle close to the centre line of the road but never cross it and then turn through the centre of the intersection, leaving adequate room for the left turning vehicles on other road. Before turning, yield to oncoming traffic.
Turning Left
138. Well before you turn left, use your mirrors and give a left-turn signal, Do not overtake a cyclist, motorcyclist or horse rider immediately before turning left and watch out for traffic coming up on your left before you make turn. When turning, keep as close to the left as it is safe to do so.
139. If you want to turn left across a bus lane, or cycle lane, give way to any vehicle using it from either direction.
140. Well before you turn left, use your mirror and give a left turn signal and approximately 200 meters before the intersection, bring left wheel of your vehicle as close to the left lane. Do not swing out to the right before or after the turn.
141. On an intersection controlled by a signal, it is prohibited to turn left on red, except where specifically permitted by a sign or it is a slip road.
142. Use your indicator or signal for turning or lane change manoeuvre only. Do not use this device for giving help to’ overtaking vehicle or for any other purpose.
Turning on Roundabouts
143. On approaching a roundabout, decide as early as possible which exit you need to take and get into the correct lane, reduce your speed. On reaching the roundabout, give way to traffic on your right unless road markings indicate otherwise. Watch out for traffic already on the roundabout, especially cyclists and motorcyclists. At some junctions there may be more than one roundabout. At each one, use the normal rules for roundabouts.
144. Unless signs or road marking indicate otherwise;

1 When turning left on the roundabouts:
> signal left and approach in the left-hand lane;
> keep to the left on the roundabout and continue signaling left.
1 When going straight ahead:
> do not signal on approach:
> approach in the left-hand or centre lane on a three-lane road (on a two-lane road you may approach in the right-hand lane if the left- hand lane is blocked);
> take the same course on the roundabout;
> signal left after you have passed the exit before the one you want.
1 When turning right or going full circle:
> signal right and approach in the right-hand lane;
> keep to the right on the roundabout;
> continue to signal right until you have passed the exit before the one you want, then signal left.

When there are more than three lanes at the entrance to a roundabout, use the most appropriate lane on approach and through the roundabout.
145. Watch out for traffic crossing in front of you on the roundabout, especially vehicles intending to leave by the next exit. Show them consideration.
146. Watch out for motorcyclists, cyclists and horse riders. Give them plenty of room. Cyclists and horse riders will often keep to the left on the roundabout; they may also indicate right to show they are continuing around the roundabout.
147. Long vehicles may have to take a different course, both approaching and on the roundabout. Watch for their signals and give them plenty of room.
148. The same rules apply to mini-roundabouts. If possible, pass around the central marking, Watch out for vehicles making a U-turn and for long vehicles which may have to cross the centre of the mini-roundabout.
149. When two vehicles are turning into same street simultaneously, the vehicle turning left has the right of way over the right turning vehicle, whether there are multi lanes or not.
Crossing
150. Before crossing a major highway or where there is a stop sign you must come to a complete stop, look to the right, then to the left and again to the right to see if any traffic is approaching,. Do not enter as long as there is traffic on the main road.
Reversing Procedures
151. Before reversing make sure there are no pedestrians particularly children or obstructions in the road behind you. Be aware of the ‘blind spot’ behind you the part of the road you cannot see from the driving seat. Reverse with care. If you cannot see clearly, get someone to guide you. You MUST NOT reverse your vehicle for longer than necessary.
152. NEVER reverse from a side-road into a main road. Avoid reversing into the road from a driveway; where possible, reverse in and drive out.
Reversing Procedures
153. You MUST:

1 make sure all your lights are clean, that theywork and that ‘your headlights are properly adjusted – badly adjusted headlights can dazzle other road users and may cause accidents;
1 use sidelights between sunset and sunrise;
1 use headlights at night (between half an hour after sunset and half an h9ur before sunrise) on all roads without street. lighting and on roads where the street lights arernore than 185 meters (600 ft) apart or are not lit;
1 Use headlights or front fog lights when visibility is seriously reduced, generally when you cannot see for more than 100 meters (328 ft).
154. You should also:

1 use headlights at night on lit motorway and roads with a speed limit in excess of 80 Km/h;
1 use dipped headlights at night in built-up areas unless the road is well lit;
1 cut down glare. If your vehicle has dim-dip, use it instead of dippeclheCidlights in, d_I/.. Q§ly)ime weather and at night in built-up areas with good street lighting;
1 dip your headlights when meeting vehicles or other road users and before you dazzle the driver of a vehicle you are following;
1 slow down or stop if you are dazzled by oncoming headlights.
155. DO NOT drive at night without proper tail lights.
156. Decorations or any other lights except those specified in the law are prohibited.
Fog Lights
157. Use fog lights when visibility is seriously reduced, generally when you cannot see for more than 100 meters (328 ft). You MUST NOT use fog , lights at other times. Remember to switch them off when visibility improves.
Hazard Warning Lights
158. Hazard warning lights may be used when your vehicle is stopped to warn that it is temporarily obstructing traffic. You may only use them whilst driving if you are on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway and you need to warn drivers behind you of a hazard or obstruction ahead. Only use them for just long enough to ensure that your warning has been observed. Never use them as an excuse for dangerous or illegal parking. Do not use them as an indicator of going straight through an intersection.
Flashing Headlights
159. Flashing your headlights means only one thing -it lets another road user know you are there. Do not flash your headlights for any other reason and never assume that it is a signal to proceed.
Use fo the Horn and Musical Instruments
160. When your vehicle is moving, use your horn only if you need to warn other road users of your presence. Never sound your horn aggressively. You MUST NOT use your horn:
> between 11.30 p.m. and 7.00 a.m. in a built up area;
> when your vehicle is stationary, unless a moving vehicle poses a danger.
161. Use of musical instruments such as radio, tape-recorder, phonogram etc. is prohibited in public transport vehicles and goods vehicles.
Rear Screen
162. Keep the rear screen clear of obstructions like curtains and other decorations, lights etc., at all times.
Parking
163. Wherever possible, pull off the road on to an area provided for parking. If you have to stop on the road, stop as close as you can to the side. Leave plenty of room when parking next to or behind a vehicle displaying a disabled person’s badge. Before you or your passengers open a door, make sure it will not hit anyone passing on the road or pavement or force them to swerve; watch out particularly for pedestrians, cyclist and motorcyclist. It is safer for you and your passengers (e$pecially children) to get out on the side next to the kerb. You MUST switch off the engine and headlights. Before leaving the vehicle, ensure that the handbrake is on firmly. Always lock your vehicle.
164. You MUST NOT stop or park on:

1 make sure all your lights are clean, that theywork and that ‘your headlights are properly adjusted – badly adjusted headlights can dazzle other road users and may cause accidents;
1 use sidelights between sunset and sunrise;
1 use headlights at night (between half an hour after sunset and half an h9ur before sunrise) on all roads without street. lighting and on roads where the street lights arernore than 185 meters (600 ft) apart or are not lit;
1 Use headlights or front fog lights when visibility is seriously reduced, generally when you cannot see for more than 100 meters (328 ft).
165. You MUST NOT park where there are parking restrictions shown by yellow lines along the edge of the carriageway. Use an authorised parking space if one is available.
166. Think before your park. DO NOT park your vehicle where it would endanger or inconvenience to pedestrians or other road users, for example:

1 on a footpath, pavement or cycle track;
1 near a school entrance;
1 at or near a bus stop or taxi rank;
1 on the approach to a level crossing;
within 10 meters (32 ft) of a junction, except in an authorised parking space;
near the brow of a hill or hump bridge;
opposite a traffic island or (if this would cause an obstruction) an other parked vehicle;
where the kerb has been lowered to help wheelchair users;
in front of the entrance to a property.
Parking at Nights
167 You MUST NOT park at night facing against the direction of the traffic flow.
Road Works
168. Special care is needed at road works. Watch out for and act on all signs on the approach to and at road works. Use your mirrors and get into the correct lane for your vehicle in good time. Do not switch lanes to overtake queuing traffic or drive through an area marked off by traffic cones. Watch out for traffic entering or leaving the works area, but do not be distracted by what is going on there.
169. You MUST NOT exceed any temporary maximum speed limit.
Transportation of Hazardous Material
170. A goods vehicle which is being used to transport hazardous materials must be clearly marked in accordance with the Annex-D of this code to indicate the type of hazardous material being carried. Drivers should act upon all rules regarding attendance, parking, handling, vehicle conditions, route, fueling and documents etc. as laid down in hazardous materials transportation law.
Emergencies and Accidents
171. If you have a breakdown, think first of other traffic. Get your vehicle off the road if possible.
172. If your vehicle is causing an obstruction, warn other traffic by using your hazard warning lights. If you carry a red warning triangle, put it on the road at least 50 meters (164 ft) before the obstruction and on the same side of the road (150meters (492 ft) on the hard shoulder of motorways). At night or in poor visibility, do not stand behind your vehicle or let anyone else do so -you could prevent other drivers seeing your rear lights.
173. If anything falls from your vehicle on to the road, stop and retrieve it as soon as it is safe to do so.
174. If you see warning signs or the flashing lights of emergency vehicles or vehicles in the distance moving very slowly or stopped, there could have been an accident. Slow down and be ready to stop. Do not be distracted when passing the accident; you could cause an other one.
175. If you are involved in, or stop to give assistance at, an accident:

1 warn other traffic, e.g. by switching on your hazard warning lights. Ask drivers to switch off their engines and put out any cigarettes;
1 arrange for the emergency services to be called immediately with full details of the accident location and any casualties; on a motorway; use the emergency telephone;
1 do not move injured people from their vehicles unless they are in immediate danger from fire or explosion. Do not remove a motorcyclist’s helmet unless it is essential. Be prepared to give first aid.
1 move uninjured people away from the vehicles to safety; on a motorway this should be well away from the traffic, the hard shoulder and the central reservation;
1 stay at the scene until emergency services arrive.
176. Vehicles carrying dangerous goods in packages will be marked with plain orange reflectorised plates. Road tankers and vehicles carrying tank containers will have hazard warning plates. If an accident involves a vehicle containing dangerous goods, follow the relevant advice of this code in particbllar:

1 switch off engines and DO NOT SMOKE;
1 . keep uninjured people well away from the vehicle and where the wind will not blow dangerous substances towards them. Even if you act to save a life, take care that you too are not affected by dangerous substances;
1 give the emergency services as much information as possible about the labels and other markings.
Selecting and Maintaining a Cycle
177. Choose the right size of cycle for comfort and safety
178. Make sure that the:

1 lights and reflectors are kept clean and in good working order;
1 tyres are in good condition and inflated to the pressure recommended by the cycle manufacturer;
1 brakes and gears are working correctly;
1 chain is properly adjusted and oiled;
1 saddle is adjusted to the correct height.
179. Fit a bell and use it when necessary to warn other road users, particularly blind and partially ‘sighted pedestrians, that you are there.
Safety Equipment
180. Wear a cycle helmet which conforms to recognised safety standards. Choose appropriate clothes for cycling. Avoid long coats or other clothes which may get tangled in the chain or a wheel. Light-coloured or fluorescent clothing helps other road users see you in daylight and poor visibility.
181. At night you MUST uSe front and rear lights and a red rear reflector. Reflective material such as belts, arm and ankle bands, wheel reflectors and ‘spacer’ flags will also help you to be seen at night.
Cycling
182. You MUST obey traffic signs and traffic light signals. You MUST NOT cycle on the pavement.
183. Look all around before moving away from the kerb, turning or manoeuvreing to make sure it is safe to do so. Then give a clear arm signal to show other road users what you intend to do.
184. Look well ahead for obstructions in the road, such as drains, pot-holes and parked cars, so that you do not have to swerve suddenly to avoid them. Leave plenty of room when passing parked cars and watch out for doors being opened into your path.
185. Take care near road humps, narrowing and other traffic calming features. Do not ride along a drainage channel at the edge of the road to avoid such features.
186. Do no leave your cycle where it would endanger or obstruct other road users, for example lying on the pavement. Use cycle parking facilities where provided.
Road Junction
187. Watch out for vehicles turning in front of you from or )nto a side road. Do not overtake on the left of vehicles slowing down to turn left. Pay particular attention to long vehicles which need a lot of room to . manoeuvre at corners and may have to move over to the right before turning left. Wait until they have completed the manoeuvre.
188. When turning right, check the traffic behind you, signal and when it is safe move to the centre of the road. Wait until there is a safe gap in traffic before completing the turn. It may be safer to wait on the left until there is a safe gap or to dismount and walk your cycle across the road.
Signal Controlled Junctions
189. Traffic signals also apply to cyclists. You MUST NOT cross the stop line across the road when the lights are red. Some junctions have advanced stop lines which enable cyclists to position themselves ahead of other traffic. Where these are provided, use them.
Roundabouts
190. Rules 143 – 149 set out the correct procedures of roundabouts but you may feel safer approaching in the left-hand lane and keeping to the left in the roundabout. If you do keep to the left, take extra care when cycling across exits and signal right to show you are not leaving. Watch out for vehicles crossing your path to leave or join the roundabout.
191. Watch out for long vehicles on the roundabout as they need more space to manoeuvre. It may be safer to wait until they have cleared the roundabout.
192. If you are unsure about using the roundabout, dismount and walk your cycle round on the pavement or verge.
Bus Lances
193. You may only use a bus lane if the signs include a cycle symbol. Be very careful when overtaking a bus or leaving a bus lane as you will be entering a busier traffic flow.
Dual Carriageways
194. Take great care when crossing or turning on to a dual carriageway where there are no traffic light signals. Wait for safe gaps and cross each carriageway in turn. Remember that traffic on most dual carriageways travels quickly.
Cycle Lanes and Tracks
195. Use cycle lanes and tracks wherever possible. They can make your journey safer and quicker.
196. Cycle lanes are marked by either an unbroken or broken white line along the carriageway. Keep within the lane and watch out for traffic emerging from side turnings.
197. Cycle tracks are located away from the road. Where a cycle track is shared with a footpath, you MUST keep to the track intended for cyclists. Watch out for pedestrians, especially elderly people and people with disabilities, using the footpath or’ crossing the cycle track.
198. Cycle tracks on opposite sides of the road are sometimes linked by signaled crossings. If the crossing is provided for cyclists only, you may ride across but you MUST NOT cross until the green cycle symbol is showing. Do not ride across a Pelican crossing.
Safe Riding
199. When cycling:

1 keep both hand on the. handlebars except when signaling or changing gear;
1 keep both feet on the pedals;
1 do not ride more than two abreast;
1 ride in single file on cycle tracks and lanes, and on narrow roads when in traffic;
1 do not ride close behind another vehicle;
1 do not carry anything which will affect your balance or may get tangled up with your wheels or chain.
200. You MUST NOT carry a passenger unless your cycle has been built or adapted to carry one.
201. You MUST NOT ride under the influence of drink or drugs.
202. Motorways MUST NOT be used by pedestrians, provisional licence holders, riders of motorcycles, scooters and moped under aocc, cyclist and horse riders. Slow-moving vehicles, agricultural vehicles and few invalid carriages are also prohibited. On motorway hand and animal drawn vehicles, construction machinery and herding of animals is also not permitted.
203. Traffic on motorways travels more quickly than on other roads, so you have to think quickly too. It is especially important to use your mirrors earlier and look much further ahead than you would on other roads.
204. Make sure your vehicle is fit to cruise at speed, has correct tyre pressures and enough fuel, oil and water to get you at least to the next service area. See that the windscreen, windows, mirrors,lights and reflectors are clean and that the windscreen washer bottle is topped up. You MUST make sure that any load you are carrying or towing is secure.
How to Join the Motorway
205. When you join the motoriNay you will normally approach it from a road on the left ( a slip-road). You MUST give way to traffic already on the motorway. While on the slip – road, check the traffic already on the motorway and adjust your speed so that you join the left-hand lane where there is a safe gap and at the same speed as traffic in that lane.
206. At some junctions the slip-road will continue as an extra lane on the motorway. Where signs indicate that this will happen, stay in that lane until it becomes part of the motorway.
207. After joining the motorway, stay in the left hand lane long enough to get used to the speed of traffic before overtaking.
When on the Motorway
208. When you can see well ahead and the road conditions are good, drive at a steady cruising speed which you and your vehicle can handle easily. You MUST NOT exceed the maximum speed limit for your vehicle. Keep the safe distance from the vehicle in front and increase the gap on wet muddy or icy roads or in fog.
209. Driving can make you feel sleepy. To help prevent this, make sure there is a supply of fresh air into your vehicle, stop at a service area or leave the motorway and find a safe place to stop.
210. You MUST NOT reverse, cross the central reservation or drive against the traffic flow. Even if you have missed your exit, or have taken the wrong route, carry on to the next exit.
Lane Discipline
211. Keep in the left hand lane unless overtaking. You may use the lane to the right of a stream of slower vehicles to overtake them but return to the lane to your left when you have passed them.
212. When approaching a junction make sure you are in the correct lane; at some junctions a lane may lead directly off the motorway.
213. Some vehicles MUST NOT use the right-hand lane of a motorway witt) three or more lanes. If you are driving:

1 any vehicle drawing a trailer;
1 a goods vehicle;
1 a bus, coach, wagon (public service transport)
Overtaking
214. Overtake only on the right unless traffic is moving in queues and the queue on your right is moving more slowly than you are. Do not move to a lane on your left to overtake. YoU MUST NOT use the hard shoulder for overtaking.
215. Do not overtake unless you are sure it is safe to do so. Before you start to overtake, make sure that the lane you will be joining is sufficiently clear ahead and behind. Use your mirrors.

Remember that traffic may be corning up behind you very quickly. Signal before you move out. Be especially careful at night and in poor visibility when it is harder to judge speed and distance.
216. Always get back to the left-hand lane or if it is occupied, the middle lane, as soon as you can after overtaking. Signal your intention to change lanes. Do not cut in on the vehicle you have overtaken.
Remember: mirror-signal manoeuvre
Motorway Signals
217. Motorway signals are used to warn you of a danger ahead, for example an accident or risk of skidding. Usually they are situated on the central reservation where they apply to all lanes. On very busy stretches, they may be overhead with a signal for each lane.
218. Where there is a danger, amber lights flash. The signal may also show a temporary maximum speed limit, lanes that are closed or a message (for example, “Fog”). Reduce your speed and look out for the danger until you pass a signal which is not flashing and you are sure it is safe to increase your speed.
219. If red lights on the overhead signals flash above your lane (there may also be a red X), you MUST NOT go beyond the signal in that lane. If red lights flash on a signal in the central reservation or a slip-road, you MUST NOT go beyond the signal in any lane.
220. All signals are there to protect you. Always do what they say. Remember – danger, such as drifting fog, may be there even if you cannot immediately. see the cause.
Road Studs and Signs
221. To help drivers on motorways at night, there are amber-coloured studs marking the right-hand edge of the road, red studs marking the left-hand edge and green studs separating the slip-road from the motorway. White studs separate the lanes on the motorway.
222. On some motorways, direction signs are placed over the road. If you need to change lanes, do so in good time.
Road Works
223. Take special care at road works. One or more lanes may be closed to traffic and a lower speed limit may apply. Keep a sqfe distance from the vehicle in front.
Obstructions
224. If anything that could be dangerous falls from your vehicle. or any other vehicle, stop at the next emergency telephone to tell the police. Do not try to remove it yourself.
Stoping and Parkiing
225. You MUST NOT stop except:

1 in an eergency;
1 when told to do so by the police, by an emergency sign or by flashing red light signals.
226. You MUST NOT park on:

1 the carriageway;
1 the slip-road;
1 the hard shoulder;
1 the central reservation;
227. You MUST NOT pick up. or set down anyone on a slip-road or on any other part of the motorway.
228. You MUST NOT walk on the carriageway except in an emergency.
Breakdowns
229. If your vehicle develops a problem, leave the motorway at the next exit or pull into a service area. If you cannot do so, you should:

1 try to stop near an emergency telephone (you will find them at intervals along the hard shoulder);
1 pull on to the hard shoulder and stop as far to the left as possible; . switch on your hazard warning lights;
1 keep your sidelights on if it is dark or visibility is poor;
1 leave the vehicle by the left-hand door and ensure your passengers do the same(leave any animals inside);
ensure passengers wait near the vehicle, but well away from the carriageway and hard shoulder, and that children are kept under control;
walk to an emergency telephone (following the arrows on the posts at the back of the hard shoulder) – it is free to use and connects directly to the police – tell them if you are a woman travelling alone – and then return to your vehicle;
wait near your vehicle but well away from the carriageway and hard shoulder. If you feel at risk, return to your vehicle by a left hand door and lock all doors. Leave your vehicle again as soon as you feel the danger has passed.

If you cannot get your vehicle on to the hard shoulder:

1 switch on your hazard warning lights;
1 leave your vehicle only if you are sure you can safely get clear of the carriageway;
1 if in doubt, remain in your vehicle wearing a seat belt until the emergency services arrive;
1 do not attempt to place a warning triangle on the carriageway.

If you have a disability which prevents you from following the above advice:

1 stay in your vehicle with all doors locked;
1 switch on your hazard warning lights;
1 display a “Help” pennant or, if you have a car telephone, contact the emergency services.
1 Do not attempt even simple repairs and remember you MUST NOT try to cross the motorway.
230. Before rejoining the carriageway, buildup speed on the hard shoulder and watch for a safe gap in the traffic.
How To Leave The Motorway
231. Unless signs indicate that a lane leads directly off the motorway, you will leave the motorway by a slip-road on your left. Watch for the signs letting you know you are getting near your exit, if you are not already in the left-hand lane, move into it well before reaching your exit and stay in it. Signal left in good time and slow down as necessary.
232. When leaving the mqtorway or using a link road between motorways, your speed may be higher than you think. 80 km/h may feel like 48 km/h. Check your speedometer and adjust your speed accordingly. Some slip-roads and link roads have sharp bends so you will need to slow down.
233. Do not let your dog out on its own. Keep it on a short lead when taking it for a walk on or near a road or on a path shared with cyclists.
234. Keep animals under control in vehicles. Make sure they cannot distract you while you are driving. Do not let a dog out of a vehicle on to the road unless it is on a lead.
235. If you are herding animals, keep to the left of the road, if possible, send another person along the road to warn other road users, for example at bends and the brows of hills.
236. If you have to herd animals after dark, wear reflective clothing and ensure that white lights are carried at the front and red lights at the rear of the herd.
237. Before you take a horse on to a road, make sure you can control it. If you think that your horse will be nervous of traffic, always ride with other, less nervous, horses.
238. Make sure all tack fits well and is in good condition. Never ride a horse without a saddle or bridle.
239. Wear safety helmet and fasten it securely ¬children under the age of 14 MUST do this. You should also wear boots or shoes with hard soles and heels.
240. . If you have to ride at night, wear reflective clothing and make sure your horse has reflective bands on its legs above the fetlock joints. Carry lights which show white to the front and red to the rear.
241. Never ride more than two abreast. Ride in single file on narrow roads.
242. When riding:
1 keep both hands on the reins unless you are signaling;
1 keep both feet in the stirrups;
1 do not carry another person;
1 do not carry anything which might affect your balance or get tangled up with the reins;
1 wear light-coloured or fluorescent clothing in daylight and reflective materials at night.
For Drivers of Animal Drawn Vehicles
243. Always keep well to the left of the road even if it appears clear of traffic.
244. Before turning, stopping or changing lanes, give hand-signals clearly and well in tirne.
245. Keep your animals under proper control.
246. Do not allow a child to ‘take charge of your vehicle.
247. Do nut turn or change course abruptly.
248. Do not sleep while driving or leave your vehicle un-attended.
249. Do not drive at night without a lantern and reflectors. Make sure that the ,lantern is visible from the rear as well as from the front
250. While hauling wide and projecting loads, observe permissible limits, mark the ends of your load with a red flag by day and with a red light by night.
251. Whenever you hear or see a motor vehicle approaching, draw well on to the left side of the road immediately.
252. Traffic signs, signals and rules of the code equally apply to you; learn them and faithfully follow them.
For Persons Incharge of Animals
253. Do not tie cattle together when leading them along a road or street
254. Make sure that the road is clear before you let or take animals on the road.
255. If you are herding animals along or across the road and there is someone with you, send him along the road to warn drivers at places such as bends and top of the hills where they may not be able to see. When there are several animals, one person should lead them and one should follow them.
256. Keep the animals being led or driven as far to the left side of the road as possible. Keep yourself between the traffic and the animals,
257. Keep the animals being led or driven as far to the left side of the road as possible. Keep yourself between the traffic and the animals,
258. Carry a lantern when herding, riding or leading animals after dark
259. Use cattle creeps where provided.
260. A level crossing is where a road crosses railway lines. Approach and cross it with care. Never drive on to a-cross)ng until the road is clear on the other side – do not drive “nose to tail” over it. Never stop on or just after a crossing. Never park close to a crossing.
261. If the gates or barriers are closed, stop and wait behind the stopped traffic, till the gates are opened. Never attempt to pass through half opened gates or gain a favourable forward position by overtaking, even on shoulders.
262. At- crossing with half barriers, never zigzag around the barriers. they are lowered because a train is approaching.
263. If your vehicle breaks down, or if you have an accident on a crossing:
1 get everyone out of the vehicle and clear of the crossing;
1 if there is a railway telephone, use it immediately to tell the signal operator and follow the instructions you are given;
1 if it is possible, and there is time before a train arrives, move the vehicle clear of the crossing. If the alarm sounds, or the amber light comes on, get clear of the crossing.
Railway Crossings With No Control
264. At level crossing with no gate, attendant or warning lights, stop look both ways, listen and make sure there is no train coming before you cross.
Unattended Crossing without signals
265. Some crossings have gates but no attendant or traffic signals. At such crossings, stop, look both ways, listen and make sure no train is approaching. If there is a railway telephone, contact the signal operator to make sure it is safe to cross. If crossing with a vehicle, open the gates on both sides of the crossing,. then check that no train is coming and cross quickly. When you have cleared the crossing, close both gates. Remember to inform the signal operator again when you are clear of the crossing.
Road Traffic Law
The instructions given herein are not comprehensive. These are general guidelines for all type of road users dealing with situations which commonly arise. For exact application of law read the relevant legislations.
(A) Drivers
1. You must have
a a valid driving licence.
a a current vehicle excise licence token
a valid third party insurance covering your use of the vehicles;
a a current fitness certificate
a the Highway and Motorway code.
2. The law requires that the conditions of your vehicle, any trailer it is drawing, its load, and the number of passengers and the way in which they are carried are such that they do not involve danger of injury to yourself or others. There are more detailed regulations which require the different parts of your vehicle to be kept in good condition and working order. These include brakes, steering, lights, windscreens and windows, exhaust, seat belts and fittings, speedometer and horn.

Tyres MUST have a continuous tread depth of at least 1.6 mm on cars, light vans and light trailers (1 mm for other vehicles) across the centre three quarters of the width. They MUST also be properly inflated and free from cuts and other defects. Headlights MUST be properly adjusted to prevent dazzling oncoming traffic.

Windscreens and windows MUST be free from obstruction to vision, and MUST be kept clean.
3. You and your passengers MUST wear a seat belt in the front and (if fitted) the rear of the vehicle, unless you are exempt. Exemptions include the holders of medical exemption certificates, people making local deliveries in a vehicle designed or adapted for that purpose, and children in the rear of taxis with partitions.

It is the driver’s legal responsibility to ensure that children under 14 years comply with the law.
4. Your eyesight MUST be up to the standard required for the driving test at all times when you drive.
5. You MUST NOT:
a drive under the influence of drinking or drugs;
6. You MUST comply with:
a maximum speed limits or any special speed limit fixed for your vehicle;
a amber and red ‘STOP’ signals, traffic signs giving orders, doubie white lines and yeliow road markings
a The direction of police officer controlling traffic.
You MUST NOT:
drive dangerously;
a observe maximum speed limits or any special speed limit for your vehicle;
a observe flashing red signals when dispiayed over your lane or at the side of the carriageway;
a keep any animals in the vehicle or (in an emergency) under proper control on the verge.
You MUST NOT:
a drive in reverse on the carriageway;
a stop on the carriageway; or on the central reservation or verge.
(C) TO PEDESTRIANS
You MUST NOT:
walk on motorway or their slip-roads;
walk on the carriageway when directed not to do so by a police officer or controlling traffic;
hold on to get on a moving motor vehicle or trailer.
(C) CYCLISTS
You MUST obey the same rules as apply to drivers at pedestrian crossings and school crossing patrols In addition you MUST:
a ensure that your brakes are efficient;
a at night, ensure your front and rear lights are lit and that your cycle has an efficient red rear reflector;
a at night, if you are wheeling your cycle or are stationary without lights, keep as close as possible to the nearside edge of the road;
a stop when required to do so by a uniformed police officer.

You MUST NOT:
a ride dangerously;
a ride without due care and attention or without reasonable consideration for the other road users;
a ride under the influence of drink or drugs;
a ride on a footway or footpath unless there is a right to do so;
leave your cycle on road in such a way that it is likely to cause danger to other road users, or where waiting is prohibited;
a carry a passenger on a bicycle not constructed or adapted to carry more than one person;
a hold on to a moving motor vehicle or trailer.
Safety Tips
Over than 90 per cent of accidents are caused by a driver or rider making a mistake. You need to be fully alert at all times – don’t allow yourself to be distracted. Try to be aware of all that is happening around you.

Anyone can make a mistake. There is no such thing as a perfect driver, While driving always give an allowance for the mistakes of other drivers.
1 Be particularly careful if you are a new driver. Statistics show that the 17 to 25-year-old age group and those who have recently passed a test are more likely to be involved in a fatal or serious accident.
2 Seeing something isn’t the same as being aware of it. You need to judge the degree of risk. A pedestrian on the pavement may

a stay where they are – no hazard at all
a be looking the other way and about to run into the road – a serious hazard

Try to judge what pedestrians and other road users might do.
3 Being prepared for the unexpected improve your safety. Be ready for difficult situations – the road being blocked beyond a blind bend, for instance.
4. Adapt your driving to the type of road. Take particular care on roads with junctions.

a slow down
a be prepared for vehicles pulling out

Inside streets and country lanes where there may be unmarked junctions, proceed cautiously- nobody has priority at an unmarked junction.

One thought on “National Highway & Motorway Police Pakistan Rules”

  1. what about toll tax in how much kilometers we can pay it????

    Reply

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